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Satyam Saxena is an economist with research interests in the economics of sustainable agriculture. Since joining CIMMYT-India in 2022, he has primarily focused on assessing the impacts of resource use, productivity, and farmers’ livelihoods. Prior to his role at CIMMYT, Satyam was a research officer at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (2019-2022), where he contributed to the UN-SDSN FABLE Pathways project, which aims to develop sustainable food and land use systems.
Satyam holds a master’s degree in economics from the University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, and a bachelor’s degree in commerce from the University of Delhi. His research has been published in several peer-reviewed journals and book chapters, contributing to the academic discourse on sustainable development.
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Bulinda is a Value Chains Specialist with 8 years of experience leading Value Chains design and analysis, Livelihood, and Social Protection Programs in rural and humanitarian settings across the country. He interacts closely with policy processes and actively engages in generating knowledge that improves the delivery of development programs in the region.
Bulinda is currently a consulting research associate at CIMMYT. He has previously worked for other organizations and projects, providing technical support in strategy and project design, implementation, monitoring and evaluations, and humanitarian programming. He has specifically worked on projects for CHASP, ACTS, ICIPE, GROOTS Kenya, AfriDev Consulting, 3R-Netherlands’s project, ILRI, and Policy and Market Options.
He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Agribusiness Management and an MSc degree in Agribusiness Management at The Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Agriculture and Agribusiness Management (CESAAM) from Egerton University.
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Mukwemba Habeenzu is an economist with over 10 years of experience in agricultural project management. He is currently the Chief of Party/Project Manager for the Mechanization and Extension Activity at CIMMYT in Zimbabwe.
In his previous and current roles, he has led initiatives that promote climate-smart agriculture, mechanization, and social inclusion through market-based approaches to improve productivity, increase incomes, and ensure sustainability for project beneficiaries.
Mukwemba has a diverse background, having worked extensively in Zambia and Zimbabwe. His experience includes working with the private and public sectors, as well as various local and international organizations, focusing on areas such as research and extension, rural development, enterprise development, academia and capacity building, social inclusion, etc.
Mukwemba believes that this comprehensive approach can contribute to sustainable development in the agricultural sector.
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Alison Laing is the CIMMYT lead for CSISA India, and leads bilateral and Initiative-funded projects in South and Southeast Asia. She works with farmers and researchers in South and Southeast Asia to sustainably improve cropping and farming system productivity, profitability and resilience.
Alison firmly believes in participatory, multi-disciplinary research and in combining practical field-trial based research with robust modelling to examine likely long-term outcomes of different management approaches.
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Marcelo is an experienced graphic designer with over 20 years of graphic design experience for CIMMYT headquarters in Mexico. His main responsibilities include branding development, branding, design, and production of corporate reports and project reports. Developing designs for scientific articles, papers, abstracts, and serving as a liaison with the various vendors that provide a service for communications.
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Ravi Nandi joined the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2023 as an Innovation Systems Scientist. He is an accomplished agricultural economist with over 12 years of experience in interdisciplinary research focusing on the markets, food environment, agrifood value chains, and socioeconomics.
His expertise lies in analyzing and improving different aspects of agri-food value chains, and farmer collectives, linking farmers to the market with a particular focus on governance, sustainability, innovations, and scaling. He explores institutional innovations that connect production and market-based interventions, and intricate interplay between agriculture, markets, and nutrition to address crucial issues such as poverty reduction, food security, nutrition, sustainable rural livelihoods, and resilience outcomes.
Ravi has published over 50 peer-reviewed papers, policy briefs, chapters, books and blogs.
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Moben Ignatius is the Agriculture Research Associate in the SAS program at CIMMYT. His role revolves around fostering sustainable agricultural practices and innovative technologies and methods that cater to Rice-Wheat cropping systems.
His previous work role extended to forging alliances with diverse organizations and governmental bodies to advocate for the expansion of these beneficial agricultural techniques. Employing meticulous monitoring, evaluation, and data-driven surveys, ensuring the successful execution and scalability of projects.
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Dashaa is an Agricultural and Development Economist based in Kenya. She joined CIMMYT in April 2023.
Before joining CIMMYT, Dashaa worked at the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI) and Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) as a Research Associate, as a Consultant for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in Mongolia, and the Ministry of Food and Agriculture of Mongolia as an economist/policy specialist.
Dashaa has a PhD in Agricultural Economics from the University of Tokyo.
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Dr. Aravindakshan is a Scientist in CIMMYT’s Sustainable Agrifood Systems program, specializing in adoption, scaling, and innovation systems.
He contributes to the TAFSSA initiative, focusing on scaling, extension, adoption, and monitoring of agrifood systems innovations. With a Ph.D. from Wageningen University in the Netherlands and MSc degrees from the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and TU Dresden, Germany, he brings over two decades of interdisciplinary expertise in Innovation Systems and Natural Resource Economics. Dr. Aravindakshan has collaborated with governments, NGOs, and organizations like FAO, JICA, and WWF across South Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, contributing to multi-country projects funded by the EU, USAID, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Moreover, he has published high-impact journal articles aimed at guiding policy formulation in the global south.
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Ajay Kumar is Senior Research Associate of CIMMYT’s Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project in India. Ajay Kumar has been actively engaged in planning, coordinating CSISA activities of eastern UP hub.
Arnab is a Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning analyst in the Sustainable Agrifood Systems (SAS) program in India.
Arnab focuses on generating learning opportunities to improve project outcomes and the evaluation of post-intervention processes. He is interested in using mixed methods and participatory tools, along with ICT based methods, which are relevant for information diffusion and knowledge networks in food systems.
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Pankaj Koirala has a PhD in Economics and currently contributes to CSISA Ukraine project within CIMMYT’s Sustainable Agrifood Systems (SAS) program. He conducts research in agricultural systems, climate change, and sustainability, especially focusing on survey data and human/farmer’s behaviors, socioeconomic and institutional contexts. Currently, he engages in studies to understand the impacts of climatic variables on food and nutritional security, climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Koirala has published peer-reviewed scientific papers on Economic Policy and Analysis, sustainability, and others and served as a reviewer in various peer-reviewed journals.
Adeeth Cariappa is an Environmental and Resource Economist working on Carbon Credits from Agriculture. Before joining CIMMYT, Cariappa was working in the Agriculture & Allied Sectors Vertical of NITI Aayog (the premier thinktank for Government of India) and as a Consultant for Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Cariappa has a PhD in Agricultural Economics from the ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute.
Use of lightweight, 5-9-horsepower mini-tillers by smallholder farmers in Nepal’s mid-hills cut tillage costs and boosted maize yields by facilitating timely maize cultivation, thus enhancing food self-sufficiency and farm profits and reducing rural poverty, a new study by an international team of scientists shows.
Published in the Journal of Economics and Development, the study reports findings of an on-farm survey involving more than 1,000 representative households from 6 districts of the mid-hills, a region of steep and broken terrain where rainfed maize is a staple crop, outmigration of working-age inhabitants makes farm labor scarce and costly, and farmers on small, fragmented landholdings typically till plots by hand or using ox-drawn plows.
“Conventional two- or four-wheel tractors are difficult to operate in the mid-hills’ rugged topography,” said Gokul P. Paudel, researcher working together with the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany, and lead author of the study. “Farms are small and the mini-tillers are a good fit. Very small farms — those comprising less than 0.4 hectares of land and normally not served by hired farm labor or larger machinery — benefited the most from mini-tiller adoption.”
The paper is the first to provide empirical linkages between small-scale farm mechanization and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, particularly No Poverty (SDG-1) and Zero Hunger (SDG-2).
“Given its rural poverty and the resulting outmigration from farm areas to cities and to other countries, Nepal has increasingly become a labor-exporting country,” explained Paudel, who partnered in this study with researchers from the Asian Development Bank Institute and Cornell University. “Our research can help guide investments by Nepal and other developing countries in scale-appropriate farm mechanization, supporting those who wish to remain on rural homesteads and make a go of it.”
Machine operators starting the mini-tiller in the Kavrepalanchok district in the mid-hills of Nepal. (Photo: CIMMYT)
The science team found that farm size, labor shortages, draft animal scarcity, and market proximity were major factors that facilitate the adoption of appropriate mechanization in Nepal, according to Tim Krupnik, CIMMYT systems agronomist and study co-author.
“Smallholder farms dominate more than two-thirds of agricultural systems globally,” Krupnik said. “Interest in scale-appropriate farm mechanization is growing rapidly, particularly among donors and governments, and practical empirical measures of its impact are crucial.” The findings of the latest study fill this knowledge gap and provide sufficient evidence to prioritize the spread of appropriate technologies among smallholder farmers.
Krupnik noted that, through its office in Nepal and strong shared research and capacity-building activities, CIMMYT has worked for almost four decades with Nepali scientists and development partners, including the Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development (MoALD), to raise the productivity and sustainability of the country’s maize- and wheat-based farming systems.
In addition to strong government partnerships, CIMMYT works closely in Nepal with a range of non-government organizations, and importantly, hand-in-hand with private farm machinery manufacturers, retailers, and mechanics.
The study described was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the US Agency for International Development (USAID), the Academy for International Agricultural Research (ACINAR) commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and carried out by ATSAF e.V. on behalf of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, the One CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia (TAFSSA), and generous funders who contribute to the CGIAR Trust Fund.
Grace Mwai is an innovative and strategic leader with more than 18 years of progressive leadership experience in international development programs. She has spearhead implementation projects of US$23M-$320M funding, while leading teams across 19 countries with more than 14 international and bilateral donors. Mwai holds a Doctor of Business Administration, Masters of Science in Organization Development, Masters of Business Administration, and is a Certified Public Accountant and Corporate Governance Trainer.
She has a keen ability to identify inefficiencies and create sustainable systems enabling consistent, on-time completion, regardless of project complexity. Her lived experience on both sides of the donor and recipient dividing lines affords her a nuanced understanding of stakeholder needs and the intricacies of donor requirements.
